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ICP-SFMS allows direct analysis of certain "difficult" sample types that cannot be handled by conventional ICP-MS (ICP-QMS). The difference lies in the construction of the mass analyser that separates isotopes/elements of different mass. In ICP-SFMS, a magnetic sector is used instead of the so-called quadrupole which has a corresponding function in ICP-QMS.
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A sector instrument can separate particles with much smaller differences in mass, compared to a quadrupole instrument. The technique is therefore often called high resolution ICP-MS (HR-ICP-MS). Its higher resolution makes it possible to avoid interferences that occur in certain sample types, e.g. seawater and biological samples. For sample types and elements not affected by such interferences, ICP-SFMS can be used at low resolution, which makes it possible to achieve extremely low detection limits; for some elements at the pg/l level.
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